31 October 2022

I remember full-sized Snickers at Halloween


Reposted from 2016 because this is my favorite Halloween cartoon ever.

And reposted again to add this link re shrinkflation affecting Halloween treats.

Our house will once again be offering children a choice between a minibag of chips or a rather nice seashell.  In recent years the choices have been about equal between the two.

28 October 2022

Appropriate dresses for a high school dance ?


I think so, but apparently some people disagree.  Here are excerpts from the story at Scary Mommy:
It all started when [Matt] Austin posted a totally innocuous photo with his two daughters before their [high school homecoming] dance — they’re wearing pretty normal dresses and heels for this day and age, and their dad is beaming with pride. He captioned the photo, “My daughters look a little too good on homecoming night. Believe it or not, they’re even more beautiful on the inside.”

So sweet.

The response, though, was surprising, as dozens of comments rolled in from people who thought the girls looked inappropriate.

“Those outfits are not prom appropriate, those are what women wear to the club when they're looking for some action. ... So sad that parents send their young ladies out with everything showing,” wrote one.

“I don’t think I’d be dressed like that around my father,” another wrote. “Those girls are too young to be dressing provocatively they should have respect for themselves.”

Austin’s response came in hot, and he left no prisoners.

"One thing that has always pissed me off as a father of girls is when people say things like 'oh these girls need to dress so they don't distract the boys' or even worse 'they're dressing in a way in which they're asking for it’,” he begins.

“Let’s get something clear: It’s not my daughter’s job to make sure your son is focused in school. Also not her job to dress hideous enough to where your son doesn’t assault her. It’s your job to not raise a pervert with no self-control."

While his first emotion was definitely “anger,” he also kept his sense of humor about the whole thing.

“Let’s be clear — those are not the outfits that I’d choose for my daughters to leave the house. If it were up to me, it would be 24/7 Snuggies,” he joked.

“But if I start dictating what my daughters wear, it’s going to teach them three things,” he continued. “A: they’ll start to hate me for arbitrary rules, B, they’ll start to lie to me, or C, which is even worse: that it’s OK for a man to tell them what to wear because they look too good. And that ain't happening, Karen."
The story continues at the link, including the overwhelmingly positive public responses to his comments, and his TikTok followup video.  (Note: the embedded photo above has been cropped for size).

Related
Ukrainian prom photos embedded at Divertimento #172
and one of my all-time favorite cartoons, reposted from 2017:

Dress code violation


Sent home from high school for violating the school's dress code.

Not because of the faded jeans.

Because her outfit doesn't completely cover her clavicle (collarbone).

This incident didn't happen in a church school - she attends Woodford County High School, a public school in Versailles, Kentucky, just a short distance from where I used to live.  The controversy regarding the dress code was recently reported by the Lexington Herald-Leader:
An online petition has begun seeking support to change Woodford County High School's 11-year-old dress code...

Wednesday was the first day of classes for students. One Facebook post said there was "a group of female students standing in the office" because they were not complying with the dress code.

Another post said, "This is ridiculous! Parents are being called away from important jobs and students are missing important class time because they are showing their collarbones!"...

Among the criteria in the Woodford County High dress code is that students must wear a rounded crewneck shirt or a button-down shirt that may have only the top button open. Shirts must not expose the collarbone. Shorts and skirts must be knee-length or longer.
Last year the students at the school created a 33-minute video about their grievances.

Reposted from 2015 to accompany an adjacent post.  

Read more here: http://www.kentucky.com/2015/08/14/3988907_woodford-county-high-schools-dress.html?rh=1#storylink=cpy

Read more here: http://www.kentucky.com/2015/08/14/3988907_woodford-county-high-schools-dress.html?rh=1#storylink=cpy

Read more here: http://www.kentucky.com/2015/08/14/3988907_woodford-county-high-schools-dress.html?rh=1#storylink=cpy

Not a dress code violation


Described as "Crazy Hair Day at school."

(related)

Reposted from 2015 to add this photo -


And this "mermaid braid" -


Reposted from 2019 to accompany an adjacent post.

I'm old enough to remember ironing

26 October 2022

Seeking advice on cleaning gravestones


This summer I went back to Minnesota to fulfill an old promise involving cremains, and while doing so, my cousins and I paid a visit to some very old ancestors.  The Finseths emigrated to the U.S. from Norway in the 1850s, residing briefly in Wisconsin, then moving on to Goodhue County in Minnesota, where they began farming.  The churchyard at Gol Lutheran Church (est. 1864) in Kenyon, Minnesota has the graves of these first settlers (the alphanumerics after the names are guides to locating the gravestones on a nearby map):


This week, as I finally got around to storing the photos in my memorabilia, I realized that the gravestone I photographed was one I had photographed back in 2009.  Knut K. Finseth (husband of Margit Olsdatter Finseth), was born in Norway in 1809.  The Faribault Republican newspaper note his passing in 1884:
K. K. Finseth died, of Kenyon, an old gentleman of 83 years, was badly injured on the 30th by getting his foot caught in the gearing of a threshing machine. He died from the effects on Thursday, Oct. 2, night last. He was the father of state senator A. K. Finseth.
That's the history (posted for family), but what caught my eye this week was that the side-by-side images (2009 and 2022) reveal progressive changes in the flora:


There is some difference in lighting and moisture etc, but clearly the lichen is spreading.  What to do about it?  Would removal be more damaging than letting it be?  A quick Google led me to a WikiHow entitled How to Clean a Gravestone: Gentle Ways to Remove Moss, Lichen, and More.  Lots of info there, including these excerpts:
Check the gravestone for cracking, flaking, or chipping before you begin cleaning. If the grave has any of these problems, it's not safe to clean.... Clean a gravestone if there's biological growth like algae, lichen, or fungi because these trap moisture and they're acidic, which can damage the stone... Pour water over the stone to soak it thoroughly... Scrape off lichen, moss, and fungi with a plastic scraper. Press the scraper onto the surface gravestone and gently scrape from the top to the bottom. You don't have to press very hard to get the biological growth to fall away. To get lichen or moss out from carved letters or images on the stone, take a wooden popsicle stick or a bamboo skewer and scrape the material out... gently scrub near the bottom of the gravestone to loosen the grime. If you're cleaning marble or limestone, use a sponge that's even gentler than a soft bristle brush... It might seem counterintuitive to clean from bottom to top, but working this way prevents limescale from forming... Apply a non-ionic cleanser like D/2 to remove tough stains... Clean a gravestone every 4 to 6 years to prevent excess wear...
If I can find the time/energy to approach this project, I think I would have to start at the pedestal base and test the cleaning procedure away from the more crucial engraved letters, numbers, and design.  

Now, as I often do, I'm going to turn to the readership of TYWKIWDBI for advice.  There must be readers out there who have encountered this type of situation and would be able to share advice, including what mistakes to avoid. 

Addenda:  I received excellent replies within an hour.  Here are two links offered by a reader, the first from the National Cemetery Administration of the U. S. Department of Veterans Affairs [my old employer!], and the second a set of Best Practices Recommendations from the National Park Service.

A tip of the blogging hat to an anonymous reader, who offered a link to this excellent video that incorporates the recommendations from the other links:

Counterfeit forever stamps are becoming abundant - updated


The embedded image is a scan of some of the 29c stamps I bought from a friend at our local stamp club this weekend.  I use a pair of the stamps (from the 1990s) to mail a standard first class letter.  I buy the stamps from my friend at 70% face, so basically I spend 40c to mail a letter.   I wrote about the mechanisms and economics of discount postage back in 2014.

Recently, as a result of advances in printing technology, the situation has taken a more sinister turn, with counterfeit forever stamps flooding the marketplace.  This image from Linn's Stamp News in the fall of 2021 shows a counterfeit forever stamp (on the left) next to a valid one:


The only difference visible to the human eye is a subtle difference in the sharpness of the printed letters.
In the past couple of decades, the most frequently encountered counterfeit stamp was the Flag stamp. Sellers, typically through online outlets, would sell bulk quantities of these stamps at a significant discount from face value... But in July [2021], the first counterfeit of a recent commemorative stamp surfaced. Some security features were even faked, but not the one item that triggers cancellation machines at processing centers... Based on inquiries I have received, the unsuspecting buyers are often offices looking for a deal on postage. Many counterfeit stamps I have found are on mail sent by coin dealers, many who use discount postage when sending their mail.
And another article, just this past month, notes that counterfeiters are now able to duplicate foil texture and other special features.
As of the publishing of this article, Linn’s has counted approximately 40 new counterfeit issues (180 stamp designs)... When compared to the authentic stamps, the counterfeits appear shinier. This is likely because of the lack of a taggant coating that sometimes mutes a stamp design...The other new twist is the use of a special glossy coating that provides texture to the counterfeit stamps. Examples of these have been reported for two issues: the eight 2017 Sports Balls forever stamps (Scott 5203-5210) and the 10 2021 Star Wars Droids forever stamps (5573-5582).  The gloss on both counterfeits seems thicker than that on the authentic stamps. Also, the offset printing of the counterfeits has a grainier appearance.

Most of these counterfeits are being offered in bulk sales to owners of small businesses, or involve high-denomination stamps.  Be wary of someone offering to sell recent stamps at significant discounts to the face value. 

Reposted from March 2022 to add two images.  The first shows examples of counterfeit Forever stamps alongside valid ones -


The image is a screencap from an hour-long American Philatelic Society video presentation on the ongoing epidemic of counterfeit stamps.  Please see the video for details about the detection of these items.


The second screencap is a take-home message advising Americans to beware of offers of deeply-discounted stamps on social media.  While it is unlikely that any naive person would be prosecuted for mail fraud after inadvertently using counterfeit stamps for personal mail, it is important to understand that the money used to purchase those counterfeits is going into the pockets of bad people in China and perhaps Russia. 

25 October 2022

"Daddy, why are there no green stars?"


"There are red stars, and orange ones, and yellow, and blue, and violet, and ultraviolet.  So it's ROY BIV, but there's no G.  Why is that?"

"Well son, the answer lies in this figure -


- but I don't understand it, so in this case I think you should read about it yourself at IFL Science, and that way you'll remember it better.  I'm going to go do some yard chores and when I get back you can ELI5 it to me."

"Spaghettified"

"Researchers made the discovery when they used a powerful radio telescope facility — the Very Large Array in New Mexico – to check in on some two dozen black holes where stars had been shredded after coming too close to them. That is, the material in the star was pulled apart, or "spaghettified." Such happenings are called tidal disruption events, or TDEs...  the best estimate we have is about two years after the star got eaten by this black hole is when this outflow began — and that's really exciting. That's never been seen before... In other words, the star got close enough to the black hole to get shredded – but not to fall into that point of no return."

More information at NPR

A 5-year old boy plays Mozart


An awesome performance involving not only the dexterity but also the memorization.  TBH there is one notable difference in that Mozart was also writing his own music.  And the one reservation I have when watching performances like this (or athletic ones) is the question of how many other life experiences the child has given up in order to achieve this degree of mastery.  Still... awesome.

People hearing for the first time


(after receiving cochlear implants).  In these examples it seems the most overwhelming moments occur when they hear their own voices.

Here you go -

21 October 2022

The "Pillars of Creation" (Hubble and Webb)


I like to end my blogging day by leaving a nice photo at the top of the page.  Can't do much better than an updated view of this remarkable formation. 
Small red dots on the edges of the pillars are baby stars—only a few hundred thousand years old, according to the Webb team. The red, lava-like streaks in the clouds are ejections from stars being formed. These nascent gas balls send off jets of material that strike the gas in the pillars, causing energetic hydrogen molecules in the system to glow...

The pillars—brown and turbid in Hubble’s view—appear luminous and orange to Webb. The backdrop of gas and deep space turns from an opaque turquoise to a bedazzlement of stars, shining through a sea of lapis lazuli gas. That’s because Webb’s image highlights the hydrogen atoms in the gas, which shine in blue light. The Webb telescope’s infrared eye also penetrates through dense clouds of dust and gas, allowing it to see previously unknown regions of star formation.

More at Gizmodo

"The Battle of Algiers" (1966)


A movie from the 1960s detailing the French response to urban guerrilla warfare during the Algerian war for independence.  More at Wikipedia.

Golden Lion Award at the Venice Film Festival, three Academy Award nominations, Rotten Tomatoes score of 100%, currently streaming on the Criterion Channel.  Full movie available on YouTube

Comparing alphabets


Even though this information will never be "useful" to me in any practical sense, I'm posting it because of the interesting method of display (a type of Venn diagram).  Here's another method:


A reminder to vote in your local elections


Even if your state is solidly "red" or "blue" your vote can be important in state and town elections.  Those puzzled by the "Jaws" reference should view this video:


More explanation of the Jaws meme at People.

Tump

Gardener Dan Bull works from a cherrypicker to trim a section of 14-metre-high yew hedge at the National Trust’s Powis Castle. The famous tumps are more than 300 years old and it takes one gardener 10 weeks each autumn to clip them
Photograph: Jacob King/PA, from a gallery at The Guardian.
I have some waist-high yew that need occasional pruning, so I find this photo absolutely awesome.  Also, the word "tump" was new to me ("Britain, rare.  A mound or hillock, probably from the Welsh twmp.")

Ladybugs (ladybird beetles)


Found at the Coolguides subreddit.

A tale of two decanters

One night at Balthazar, four Wall Street businessmen ordered the restaurant’s most expensive red wine: a $2,000 bottle of Château Mouton Rothschild. One of the two managers transferred the Bordeaux into a decanter at a waiter’s station. Simultaneously, a young couple ordered the restaurant’s cheapest red wine, an $18 pinot noir, which they wanted poured into a decanter. These two very different wines were now in identical decanters. Mistaking the $18 wine for the $2,000 Rothschild, the first manager poured the cheap wine for the businessmen. According to the manager, the businessman hosting the others considered himself a wine connoisseur, and showing off, tasted the cheap wine before bursting into raptures about its purity.

The young couple, who ordered the $18 pinot noir, were then inadvertently served the $2,000 Rothschild. On taking their first sips of what they believed was cheap wine, they jokingly pretended to be drinking an expensive wine and parodied all the mannerisms of a wine snob.

Five minutes later, the two managers discovered their error and, horrified, phoned me at home. I rushed to Balthazar. The businessmen’s celebratory mood was clearly enhanced by the wine they had mistakenly thought was the restaurant’s most expensive. This put me in a dilemma: whether to come clean and admit the manager’s mistake, or allow them to continue drinking the cheap wine in blissful ignorance. It was unthinkable at this point to pull the real Bordeaux from the young couple’s table. Besides, they were having too much fun pretending to be drinking a $2,000 bottle of wine. I decided to tell both parties the truth. The businessman responded by saying, “I thought that wasn’t a Mouton Rothschild!” The others at the table nodded their heads in servile agreement.
From an October 2020 Instagram post by the owner of Balthazar, a French brasserie in New York City, via Harper's.

Not Pegasus


"An Indian sarus crane drives an antelope away from its nest to protect its egg at the Keoladeo national park, India."  Credit Jagdeep Rajput, from a gallery of Comedy Wildlife Photo finalists, which also included this image -
 

"A duckling walks across a turtle-covered log at the Juanita wetlands, Washington, US."  Credit Ryan Sims.

"Trigger warnings" on Broadway

Not content with their spaces being safer, theaters increasingly seem to want to be “safe spaces.”

Take the audience advisory for the new Broadway revival of the musical “1776.” Highlighted in red on the production’s website, it warns that the show, about the political wrangling that led to the signing of the Declaration of Independence, “contains stylized representations of racialized violence” as well as “sexually suggestive themes, occasional strong language, haze, a brief strobe effect, a non-firing replica firearm, and a gunshot sound effect.”

The warning struck me as a little alarmist, especially after seeing the show. The “racialized violence” is a reference to the show’s somewhat overheated, but historically accurate, depiction of the debate over slavery. The only strong language I heard was an occasional “damn it, Franklin”; and the sexual material was so mildly suggestive as to be barely noticeable. As for the replica firearm — well, the country was at war, wasn’t it?

Just how much coddling do theatergoers need these days? An audience advisory for the touring production of the recent revisionist Broadway revival of “Oklahoma!” gives a jarringly literal spin to the term “trigger warning.” It alerts viewers to the exact number of guns that appear onstage and details the timing and plot circumstances of each of the four gunshots heard in the show. “The third shot is around 18 minutes into the second act … with a character surreptitiously picking up the gun, then firing it off in order to bring order to a chaotic scene on stage.”
Excerpted from an op-ed column at the Washington Post.

Asphalt roads can be recycled

The size of the Chicxulub asteroid


Manhattan for scale.  Longread at Wikipedia.

Ukraine before the current war with Russia

Probably very few of us paid much attention to Ukraine before the Russian onslaught affected gas prices, food prices, and revived fears of nuclear Armageddon.  So I found it interesting while reading back issues of Harper's Magazine to encounter a January 2021 article entitled The Armies of the Right: Inside Ukraine's extremist militias.  Herewith a few excerpts:
Ukraine is among the poorest countries in Europe and the closest thing the continent has to a failing state. It is mired in a smoldering conflict with Russian-backed separatists in its eastern provinces, and its state institutions have been almost entirely captured by competing oligarchs. Corruption pervades almost every level of government. Outside Kyiv’s metro stations, elderly women in head scarves and bedraggled war veterans beg for change, while nearby the streets are lined with luxury shops and petty gangsters run red lights in black SUVs without fear of rebuke. Millions have emigrated to Poland or Russia for work. The capital has the uncanny feel, at times, of a postmodern Weimar, where Instagram influencers brunch in cafés tricked out in the international hipster style opposite billboards adorned with the faces of Ukraine’s martyrs in the war against Russia.

But perhaps Ukraine’s clearest departure from the standard model of European liberalism is its proliferation of armed far-right factions, considered by analysts and ordinary Ukrainians alike to be the secretly funded private armies of the elite oligarch class. They fought in the trenches outside Donetsk and now patrol city streets, enforcing a particular vision of order with the blessing of overstretched and underfunded police departments. In some regions, they serve as official election monitors...

Ukraine’s complex ecosystem of far-right militias and activist groups is populated by many other organizations that, while less influential than Azov, still play a major role in public life. A variety of them—including Tradition and Order, Katechon, Freikorps, Sokil, and Karpatska Sich—appear at demonstrations with Azov, though their branding differs. Some are more overtly Christian in their imagery; some tend toward neo-paganism; others are more openly fascist. The groups promote one another’s posts on social media, especially on the Telegram channels used for organizing, indicating that some share members with Azov and thus may act as front organizations for deniable activity, according to Oksana Pokalchuk, the director of Amnesty International Ukraine. More often than not, however, the groups are committed rivals, competing for the largesse of the Ukrainian state and primacy in the country’s increasingly heated street politics...

Although Azov does not formally subscribe to National Socialism, members are known to tattoo themselves with Nazi imagery and fly the swastika flag over their fortifications in the east, in what is either a genuine display of ideological loyalty, an effort to troll their Russian enemies, or both. Ukraine’s bloody twentieth-century history creates a certain confusion, as so many symbols of Ukrainian nationalism and the struggle for independence against the Soviet Union are inextricably linked to those who collaborated with the invading Nazi forces against Stalin, a moral and political ambiguity that groups such as Azov exploit to the furthest possible limit. Azov’s official logo combines the Wolfsangel rune of the “Das Reich” division of the Waffen-SS with the Black Sun symbol, first employed by SS commander Heinrich Himmler at Wewelsburg Castle in Germany. The group’s slick propaganda videos feature young recruits with shaved heads and beards marching in torchlit neo-pagan ceremonies behind a Black Sun shield—imagery as inspiring to disaffected young Ukrainian men as it is discomfiting to the country’s Western backers.
Much more at the link, which will probably be behind a paywall for you - but the hard copy will almost certainly be available in your local library.

What a mess


For those wondering what's next, this explanation from John Authers:
Truss resigned, it appears, because she was told that she couldn’t go on. The loss of authority on show as Conservative MPs fought with each other in the division lobby on Wednesday night proved to be the final straw. She’s already out as party leader, but will continue in office until her successor is selected.

The rules for choosing that successor have been hastily revised to minimize the risk that the Conservatives make yet another embarrassing mistake. By Monday afternoon, anyone who wants to run will have to have amassed at least 100 nominations from MPs. There are some 357 Tory MPs, so no more than three candidates can get through this stage. MPs will then vote once to diminish the field to two, and then cast an indicative vote on the final two. Then it will be put to the Conservative membership in the country (of whom there are 172,000, who have paid dues of 25 pounds per year — with discounts for those under 26 or serving in the armed forces). The election of Truss over Rishi Sunak took place via postal ballot during six languid summer weeks; this one will be held online. 

If only one candidate gets 100 nominations, that person gets to be prime minister without putting the question to the membership. If two emerge, then members can still vote against the candidate who won the MPs’ vote.

This system forces a vintage long weekend of Westminster skulduggery. At present, former chancellor Sunak seems certain to win 100 nominations, while Penny Mordaunt, currently leader of the House of Commons, is also likely to do so. A number of possible “caretaker” candidates, such as the current chancellor Jeremy Hunt, have ruled themselves out, so two big questions remain. One is whether the cultural anti-immigration right can put together 100 nominations for a candidate (probably Suella Braverman, who resigned as home secretary this week). The other is whether Boris Johnson, deposed in disgrace earlier this year, can persuade enough MPs to help him get his old job back. Both seem unlikely, but either Johnson (who now has enthusiastic support from the most influential pro-Conservative newspapers) or Braverman might well be more popular among party members than Sunak. This will be a critical juncture.

17 October 2022

"The Dutch House"


The image above is a scan of the inside front cover of the January 2021 issue of Harper's Magazine.  I always read advertisements for books, but typically pass over them because there are so many of them, and life is short.  Then as I proceeded through the magazine, I read an extended essay by Ann Patchett entitled "These Precious Days: Tell me how the story ends."  It details her true-life encounter with Tom Hanks' assistant Sooki Raphael, who had pancreatic cancer.  

The essay was very interesting - and extremely well-written.  Part way through, Ann Patchett uses The Dutch House to explain the process by which she writes novels:
This is what it’s like to write a novel: I come up with a shred of an idea. It can be a character, a place, a moral quandary. In the case of The Dutch House, I’d started to think about a poor woman who suddenly became rich, and because she was unable to deal with the change in circumstances, she left her family and went to India to follow a guru.

Sister Nena shook her head. “Not a guru. She’s Catholic. She doesn’t have to go to India. She helps the poor like Dorothy Day.”

We were sitting at the bar at California Pizza Kitchen at four o’clock in the afternoon. It was our place, what Sister Nena called “vacation.” She ordered the house merlot and I had a seltzer with cranberry juice. She wanted to know about the book I was going to write next, the book I had just barely started thinking of.

“This woman goes to India,” I said.

“She could be a nun.” Sister Nena picked up a piece of bread and swiped it through the olive oil in the saucer between us.

I shook my head. “She’s married,” I said. “She has children. She has to have children.”

“It could happen. Plenty of nuns were married before.”

“They were widows, not divorced.”

“You never know.” Then she looked at me, her face suddenly brightened by a plot twist. “She could work for Mother Teresa. If she really wanted to go to India and she wanted to serve the poor, that’s what she would do.”

I wasn’t sure why I was negotiating my character’s future with my friend, but there I was, listening. Did my character want to be a nun?

When I’m putting together a novel, I leave all the doors and windows open so the characters can come in and just as easily leave. I don’t take notes. Once I start writing things down, I feel like I’m nailing the story in place. When I rely on my faulty memory, the pieces are free to move. The main character I was certain of starts to drift, and someone I’d barely noticed moves in to fill the space. The road forks and forks again. It becomes a path into the woods. It becomes the woods. I find a stream and follow it, the stream dries up, and I’m left to look for moss on the sides of trees. For a time, the mother in this novel went to India to work for Mother Teresa. I tried it but it didn’t work. What about the children who were left behind in that house she hated? What became of them? And what about the women who cleaned that house, who fixed those children their dinner? The ones who stayed turned out to be the ones I was interested in.

Putting together a novel is essentially putting together the lives of strangers I’m coming to know. In some ways it’s not unlike putting together my own life. I think I know what I’m doing when in truth I have no idea. I just keep moving forward. By the time the book is written, there is little evidence of the initial spark or a long-ago conversation in California Pizza Kitchen. Still, I’m able, for a while at least, to pick up the thread and walk it back. Everything looks so logical going backward—Yes, of course, that’s what we did—but going forward it’s something else entirely. Going forward, the lights may as well be off.
After reading that, I went back to the front cover and dog-eared the corner, marking it for further attention.

That was January of 2021.  Then... the tempus always fugits, and now it's October of 2022 and I finally request the book from the library.  I'm so glad I did.  It was a joy to read.

If you've read this book (or others by Ann Patchett), please feel free to offer your opinions in the Comments.

16 October 2022

No two of these circles are linked together


These are Borromean rings.
The name "Borromean rings" comes from the use of these rings, in the form of three linked circles, in the coat of arms of the aristocratic Borromeo family in Northern Italy. The link itself is much older and has appeared in the form of the valknut, three linked equilateral triangles with parallel sides, on Norse image stones dating back to the 7th century. The ÅŒmiwa Shrine in Japan is also decorated with a motif of the Borromean rings, in their conventional circular form. A stone pillar in the 6th-century Marundeeswarar Temple in India shows three equilateral triangles rotated from each other to form a regular enneagram...

The Borromean rings have been used in different contexts to indicate strength in unity. In particular, some have used the design to symbolize the Trinity. A 13th-century French manuscript depicting the Borromean rings labeled as unity in trinity was lost in a fire in the 1940s, but reproduced in an 1843 book by Adolphe Napoléon Didron. Didron and others have speculated that the description of the Trinity as three equal circles in canto 33 of Dante's Paradiso was inspired by similar images, although Dante does not detail the geometric arrangement of these circles. The psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan found inspiration in the Borromean rings as a model for his topology of human subjectivity, with each ring representing a fundamental Lacanian component of reality (the "real", the "imaginary", and the "symbolic").

The rings were used as the logo of Ballantine beer, and are still used by the Ballantine brand beer, now distributed by the current brand owner, the Pabst Brewing Company. For this reason they have sometimes been called the "Ballantine rings"

p.s. - I know "linked together" is a tautology, but I'm going to let it stand because it sounds better that way.

"Braiding Sweetgrass"

"Braiding Sweetgrass: Indigenous Wisdom, Scientific Knowledge, and the Teachings of Plants is a 2013 nonfiction book by Potawatomi professor Robin Wall Kimmerer, about the role of Indigenous knowledge as an alternative or complementary approach to Western mainstream scientific methodologies... The book received largely positive reviews, appearing on several bestseller lists. Robin Wall Kimmerer is known for her scholarship on traditional ecological knowledge, ethnobotany, and moss ecology."
More about the book at the link.  For those in a hurry [and for me if/when I re-read], these are what I viewed as the best chapters:  "Witch Hazel" (re elderly women), "A Mother's Work" (restoring a pond), "Epiphany in Beans" (gardening), "Sitting in a Circle" (teaching students ethnobotany), "Collateral Damage" (re roadkill), and "Umbilicaria" (lichens).

The "three sisters" of Native American food are corn, beans and squash, which can be interplanted and grow together well, the beans using the corn for scaffolding. returning nitrogen to the soil, and providing protein.  Squash provide nutritional carotenes and cover/shade the ground to retain moisture.  And this re harvest:
"... the littlest kids peek under prickly leaves looking for squash blossoms.  We carefully spoon a batter of cheese and cornmeal into the orange throat of each flower, close it up, and fry it until it's crisp.  They disappear from the plate as fast as we can make them."
Re the "Honorable Harvest" -
"The guidelines for the Honorable Harvest are not written down, or even consistently spoken of as a whole - they are reinforced in small acts of daily life.  But if you were to list them, they might look something like this..."
Know the ways of the ones who take care of you, so that you may take care of them.
Introduce yourself.  Be accountable as the one who comes asking for life.
Ask permission before taking.  Abide by the answer.
Never take the first.  Never take the last.
Take only what you need.
Take only that which is given.
Never take more than half.  Leave some for others.
Harvest in a way that minimizes harm.
Use it respectfully.  Never waste what you have taken.
Share.
Give thanks for what you have been given.
Give a gift, in reciprocity for what you have taken.
Sustain the ones who sustain you and the earth will last forever.  
Discussing a conservation biologist who goes out to the road on some rainy nights to carry salamanders across to safety:  "Aldo Leopold had it right: naturalists live in a world of wounds that only they can see."

Re how we should approach our environmental problems:  
"I believe the answer is contained within our teachings of "One Bowl and One Spoon," which holds that the gifts of the earth are all in one bowl, all to be shared from a single spoon.  This is the vision of the economy of the commons, wherein resources fundamental to our well-being, like water and land and forests, are commonly held rather than commodified.  Properly managed, the commons approach maintains abundance, not scarcity.  These contemporary economic alternatives strongly echo the Indigenous worldview in which the earth exists not as private property, but as a commons, to be tended with respect and reciprocity for the benefit of all."
Reposted from March to note that the author has just been named a recipient of a MacArthur "genius grant."
A dozen years ago, Robin Wall Kimmerer submitted an unsolicited manuscript to Milkweed, a nonprofit independent press in Minneapolis. It was a brick of about 750 pages.

“I sent it out without any confidence that anyone would want to read such a thing,” says Kimmerer, 69. “I didn’t have an agent. I’m not a professional writer. I’m a botanist. But it was something that I felt I really wanted to say.

Kimmerer’s goal was to reach two specific audiences: science colleagues and students. She reached many, many more than that. The book is a word-of-mouth publishing wonder, with more than 1.4 million copies in print and audio, and it’s been translated into nearly 20 languages. On Wednesday, Kimmerer was named a MacArthur fellow, a recipient of the “genius grant,” which increased this year to $800,000 paid over five years.

In February 2020, more than six years after initial publication, for which the book had been whittled down to about 400 pages, the paperback edition of “Braiding Sweetgrass” reached the New York Times bestseller list. It’s resided there for 129 weeks.

Addendum:  2023 update about how this book rose from obscurity at a small publisher to national fame. 

"When elephants fight, it is the grass that suffers"

"Leda Buzinna sits inside her home that was damaged by shelling overnight when two S-300 missiles hit the rural neighbourhood. Buzinna suffered facial injuries and her husband injured his leg when the missile hit their bedroom."  Photograph: Paula Bronstein/Getty Images, via The Guardian.
The old African proverb would apply to Ukraine today.  Click pic for bigger.

U.S. drought monitor, October 2022


At the source, you can drill down into the map to a county level.  The data there will be updated at intervals.

Farsi version of "Bella Ciao"

"Bella ciao" ("Goodbye beautiful") is an Italian protest folk song from the late 19th century, originally sung by the mondina workers in protest against the harsh working conditions in the paddy fields of Northern Italy.

It is generally accepted that the song was modified and adopted as an anthem of the Italian resistance movement by the partisans who opposed nazism and fascism, and fought against the occupying forces of Nazi Germany, who were allied with the fascist and collaborationist Italian Social Republic between 1943 and 1945. However, some historians argue that there is little to no evidence that Italian partisans actually sang the song.

Versions of "Bella ciao" continue to be sung worldwide as a hymn of freedom and resistance.
This version is now popular in Iran, performed by hijab-less women to protest their treatment by the current regime.  The discussion at the Reddit thread includes the lyrics:
"The soil of wheat is in the streets, and our collective anger is thirsty for rain.
We don't have fewer rights [?], and we will not get on our knees in sadness.
Our hearts are not far from each other, this new life is the beginning, and your window of dreams is open.
Either we're all together or all alone Bella ciao! Bella ciao! Bella ciao ciao ciao! We'll jump out of bed up in the middle of the night, We’ll stay up until tomorrow.
In the end, our chains of oppression will be broken by us!"
("For the wheat thing, Iranians grow wheat sprouts in their home for 2 weeks leading up to the new year, then throw it out on New Year’s Day. It’s supposed to absorb the negativity and get ready for a new start. Soil of wheat is on the streets = out with the old, in with the new.")

"Health Care Off the Books"


Health Care Off the Books is a scholarly work with a format that resembles a thesis (what I investigated, my methods, what I found), based on the author's many years studying health care in a large city, annotated with extensive references from the sociology literature.  

For a significant portion of America's urban poor, a $15 copay presents a significant problem, as does the cost and time involved in getting transport to a medical facility.  This is of course not a strictly urban problem; I remember patients at the Veterans Administration Medical Center in Lexington Kentucky who had to travel three hours from Eastern Kentucky and often had to pay friends to provide that transport. 

The book notes how patients share their medications and share their medical devices (crutches, braces etc.)  These transactions can be charitable or for compensation, involving either left-over medication, or temporary loans until the recipient can get a scrip filled.

Sometimes the system itself is unnecessarily punitive, as in this example -
"In 2011, I visited the public aid office that serves people in and around Jackson Homes.  I had heard from residents that going to this office was often an unpleasant experience and what I observed is telling.
Another woman approached the desk, and she and the worker I had just spoken with began to argue.  The woman was concerned about when she was going to be called to the back room to meet with one of the case managers.  She explained that a case manager had come out and called her name but that, because she was on the far side of the room, she didn't hear her.  Her name had subsequently been moved to the bottom of the wait list.  She was visibly frustrated and tried to explain to the worker why this wasn't fair.  The worker argued back, explaining that if you don't get up when you are called, you have to wait again.  The woman replied that it's ridiculous that she would have to wait another two and a  half hours to have her name called again.  The worker didn't seem like she was going to change her mind.  I walked away before the situation was resolved...

I turned to a woman sitting near me and asked if she had been waiting for a long time.  She replied that she had and that she had arrived before the office opened at 8:30 a.m.  She explained that when she got there, there was a line almost a block long running down the side of the building.  She also told me that a case manager had already called her name, but that by the time she got up to the desk, she was told she had been too slow and she was not seen.  She was told to sit down again.  It appears that this is a common occurrence..."

Physicians who work in such settings can be helpful ("Doc, the small pills cost me the same as the bigger ones"  "OK, I'll write for the higher dose, and you can split them in half") or obstructionist (not writing for refills in order to generate return visits and more income).

The book is not a polemic decrying the system - just a sober analysis of what inner city impoverished people do to obtain health care in the American system when they are uninsured.  Some of the worst aspects of the health care system have improved since the implementation of the Affordable Care Act, but obviously much remains to be done.

11 October 2022

Spray-on fabric

"Model Bella Hadid is dressed by a crew spraying Fabrican spray-on fabric during the Coperni Spring-Summer 2023 fashion show as part of the Paris Womenswear Fashion Week, in Paris, on September 30, 2022. Dr. Manel Torres (right), is the inventor of the spray-on fabric, which was used to create a minimalist Coperni slip dress, sprayed directly on Hadid's body."
One of the Photos of the Week at The Atlantic.  Credit Julien De Rosa / AFP / Getty (cropped for size)

"To enhance the landscape"

"An electricity pylon is pulled down near Martinstown, in Winterbourne, England, on September 30, 2022. The National Grid has started to remove 22 pylons and 8.8 kilometers of overhead cable to transform views of the Dorset Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The Going Underground project is one of the first schemes in the world to remove high-voltage electricity-transmission infrastructure solely to enhance the landscape. "
One of the Photos of the Week from The Atlantic (credit Finnbarr Webster / Getty)

Timelapse of nyctinasty

"In nyctinasty, some plants are able to assume a position at night that is different from their position during daytime. It is a biological rhythm since this behavior recurs in each circadian day. The sleeping position of these plants are said to be associated with pulvinar movement, circadian clock, and light signal transduction through phytochrome. Pulvinar movement involves pulvinar cells at the base of a plant leaf (or leaflet) or at the apex of the petiole that facilitates nyctinastic and nastic movements in a mechanism similar to stomatal closure."

Opening lines from famous movies

Selections from a compilation at filmsite.org, where there is also a list of famous last lines in movies. The ones below are in chronological order by the year of release of the movie. Answers in the comments section.
“Hunger strike, eh? How long has this been going on?”

“Last night, I dreamt I went to Manderley again.”

Senator Samuel Foley - dead, yeah, yeah, died a minute ago - here at St. Vincent's.”

“I never knew the old Vienna before the war, with its Strauss music, its glamour and easy charm - Constantinople suited me better. I really got to know it in the classic period of the Black Market. We'd run anything, if people wanted it enough and had the money to pay...”

“I beg your pardon, but aren't you Guy Haines?”

“You never did eat your lunch, did you?” “I'd better get back to the office. These extended lunch hours give my boss excess acid.”

“He was the most extraordinary man I ever knew.”

“Maycomb was a tired old town, even in 1932 when I first knew it. Somehow, it was hotter then. Men's stiff collars wilted by nine in the morning. Ladies bathed before noon after their three o'clock naps. And by nightfall were like soft teacakes with frosting from sweating and sweet talcum. The day was twenty-four hours long, but it seemed longer...”

“Don't tell me, you didn't know it was loaded.”

“As in every stone of this size, there is a flaw.”

“Hey boy, what you doin' with my Mama's car? Wait there!”

“Please, sir, I want some more.”

“Here you are, sir. Main Level D.”

“All right, Curly, enough's enough. You can't eat the venetian blinds. I just had 'em installed on Wednesday.”

“Will you just watch the hair? You know, I work on my hair a long time and you hit it. He hits my hair.”

“He even took the gramophone on safari.”

“On the 23rd Day of the Month of September in an early year of a decade not too long before our own, the human race suddenly encountered a deadly threat to its very existence, and this terrifying enemy surfaced, as such enemies often do, in the seemingly most innocent and unlikely of places...”

Reposted from 2009.

"Jackstone" calculus in the bladder


Formed of calcium oxalate dihydrate crystals and named for its resemblance to the children's toy (Knucklebones, also known as scatter jacks, snobs, astragalus, tali, dibs, fivestones, jacks, or jackstones, among many other names).

Details of the case at the New England Journal of Medicine.

03 October 2022

"Pig Years"


This is an interesting book, recommended to me by a friend in my gardening Zoom group.  In Pig Years, a young woman recounts her experiences as a seasonal worker for four years on small family farms in upstate Vermont and New York.   It's more a "slice of life" presentation rather than a diary per se, including extended vignettes of rural life (road and weather conditions, neighbor personalities, demolition derbies) as well as the farming.  

Rather than try to describe the contents and the style, I'll present some extended excerpts (page numbers will be approximate depending on editions etc):
"When the first Chub Wub was slaughtered due to an untreated hernia, the farm children wept for their favorite pig, asking to be fed his heart in an act of compassionate consumption." (xii)

"After all the males are operated on... I empty a bucket of testicles in the woods: a magnified pile of lima beans.  The pigs return to their pen with gentle steps." (xv)

"As their replacements are born, every Wednesday pigs are taken away for slaughter.  The farmer brings me the unsalable pieces to eat.  I butcher the heads of three red pigs for their cheek meat, lifted by leathery ears and sawed away at on my kitchen table.  I place each medallion of jowl into a Ziploc bag and peel away the white gristle that helped to bind the face together.  I dig a hole in the woods and place the three cheekless heads in it..." (xvi) 

(from an old Shaker journal) "Work made me well.  Used to be I'd milk twenty cows and cut a cord of wood every day... been cutting wood over forty years and lost only two toes." (7) 

"The tie between us is very fine, but a hair never dissolves" (quote from Emily Dickinson) (8) 

"Part of the job is losing oneself in nature.  Cast out into the farm amongst the plants, animals, machines, I feel unindividuated.  Of course, I act upon the world.  But the work is so elemental as to be impersonal: animals fed, dirt plowed.  The weather acts; I accept.  If I leave, another will surely take my place... The seasonal work is a kind of stasis happening year after year.  There is no ending and no beginning to an agricultural story, only a descent into a repeating cycle." (17) 

"We  prepare a home-made dinner for Brother and Sister, their last meal.  I make sweet white flour cakes with caraway seeds and dried cherries, taken from Sarah's baking cupboard... I jam a pig-shaped cookie cutter through the flesh of a beet, summer squash, a cucumber, a collard leaf, a block of cheese, a tomato.  I press the assortment of vegetal pig silhouettes into the creamy brown faces of the cakes.  A friend brings a forty-ounce bottle of beer from E-Z Mart in town to go with the cake.
    Sarah and I walk the food down the road... through the hayfield and brambles to the pig pen to serve them.  They eat in a more measured, urbane manner than normal on account of the peanut butter sticking to their thickly ridged mouths.  As usual, one discovers the goodness of the beer before the other and Sister sucks most all of the malt liquor down as fast as she can in slurps that would be applauded in any beer hall.  After her bowl is drained she stands stupidly, looking out at the surrounding mosaic of leaves.  The pigs are handsome and we size them up, admiring, with some solemnity, Sister's spots and Brother's fat.
    At noon the next day we shoot them.  Ethan rolls plantain leaves and puts one in each ear.  Brother is shot over his grain bowl when I'm not looking... (41)  [continues with details of the butchering]

The pig bodies, now reduced to meat, bone, and four hooves, are slipped inside contractor bags and lowered from the tractor into the truck bed.  We drive them to the vegetable farm's walk-in cooler, where they will hang to cool overnight.  At the farm, I pick herbs to put in the sausage we will make.  My fingers, soft with fat, smell faintly of iron and the crisp oil of lovage and bitter parsley, the diesel of thyme and oregano, so sensual that I unabashedly pass the softened and perfumed palms of my hands over my nose and cheeks, sniffing politely as one who does not deserve that which I am given and that which I have taken away." (44) 

"One morning, fifteen minutes into the workday, Sam cuts his right pointer finger with an angle grinder in the dirt driveway of the trailer.  He was lying beneath the giant mower, tool spinning above his face, when he started to swear, words that mixed into the sound of the grinder's motor.  He came out from under the mower's metal housing holding his hand to his chest and I gave him my seat in the truck about to leave for our river field.  Diana ran out from the trailer with a roll of paper towels for the car ride to the hospital, but there was hardly any blood and there was no blood in the dirt beneath the mower either.  Sam's finger was cut in a neat, surgical V, which exposed the white fat and bone on its inside.  It didn't bleed because the heat of the grinder cauterized as it cut.  By the afternoon Sam is back driving the tractor with his finger pointing up against the steering wheel and covered in a cocoon of gauze.  Suspicious of the townspeople's proclivities - babies here are ten times more likely to be born addicted to opiates than in other states - the hospital didn't give him any pain meds." (82)  

"By the waxing sun of early afternoon, with everything edible in the pen sucked up, the pigs escape into the neighbor's lawn.  They walk through a bed of burning coals dumped from a woodstove and are unharmed.  Red sparks fire around their hooves before they lower their snouts into the embers and eat the mineral-rich wood ash." (161) 

"My family's seven-fish dinner comes on a day of beautiful sun.  It is the Italian tradition for Christmas Eve... After sunset, Graham and I drive to my grandparents' house for fish soup, smoked fish, shrimp calamari, anchovies, and fried smelt with lemon - missing the seventh fish altogether.  In the old days, there were live eels in the bathtub..." (190) 
One of the final chapters includes a prolonged and brutally frank description of the author undergoing a miscarriage while staffing a booth at a farmers' market.  
"I want to cry but instead focus my eyes blankly ahead at a woman offering jarred pickles and the tables of soap and baked goods and sample cheeses.  I just stand there doomed like a sapling growing in shade, selling my oversized cabbages and squash.  When I an no  longer hold it in, I go to the bathroom and unleash a hot flow into the toilet - it is pure red blood.  I didn't know I had so much to spill; it's a constant stream of warm life and it hurts so that I bite my lip and stare searchingly at the butterfly wallpaper in the stall..." (197)
As the above excerpts may indicate, the author uses the present tense very effectively for the narration, and her prose is often quite lyrical. 

I encountered several new words in the book:
"The spring has its own self-made viriditas, unstitching the seams of the bathhouse..."  Greenness (or freshness/youthfulness), from the Latin viridis.  Cf verdant.

"Root harvest is the hardest work of the year, pleasurable in its finitude when the weather turns cold, and the reaping heavy and repetitive before the stoppage of all work and growth.  Our fingers crack as their moisture is sucked away by the dirt's thirst..."  The state of being finite; limitedness.  "Finitude is rather formal and used in philosophy, while finiteness is used in mathematics; however, infinitude is used in mathematics more than infiniteness. Less formal is to reword to use limited: “(the fact that) life is limited” rather than “the finitude of life.”"

"I go to my grandparents' house at night for my mom and her sister's birthday party.  Irish twins, born a little less than a year apart, they grew up celebrating together."  Either of a pair of siblings born less than 12 months apart, especially if born within the same calendar year or school year.  Term used in the nineteenth century to mock the fertility of Irish families, often used in a derogatory sense to imply loose morals. 

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