05 January 2026

Why some colonial Americans were born in "1722/3"

A letter to the editor in the August 2025 issue of American Philatelist magazine commented on a previous article about how the changeover from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar can result in some confusion for researchers, then offered this (to me) surprising observation:
"There is one other important difference that was not mentioned.  During colonial times in America, New Year's Day was legally celebrated on March 25, not January 1, though many celebrated in January.  This was also true in Great Britain and the rest of the British Empire.  This was an additional change in 1752, not noted in the article, when Great Britain adopted the Gregorian calendar.

For those who research cemeteries for genealogy, you'll often see a date engraved on a grave marker such as 1722/3, reflecting this, for a date between January 1 and March 25."
I found additional information here
"Since ancient times, England had used the “Julian calendar”, instituted by Julius Caesar in 45 BCE.  The Julian calendar followed a solar year of 365 days, but had a somewhat inaccurate method of calculating leap years, which over the centuries led to the addition of too many extra days.  Originally, January 1 was the date of the new year in the Julian calendar, but after the fall of the Roman Empire, the date gradually changed in various parts of Europe to March 25, to conform with Christian festival of the Annunciation.  England adopted March 25th as New Year’s day in the twelfth century.
"Between 1582 and 1752, not only were there two calendars in use in Europe, but there were even two different starts of the year in England.  The official start of the year was March 25, but many people celebrated January 1 as the “New Year’s Day”, following the continental example, and January 1 was often cited as such in almanacs. Therefore, a system of “double dating” was often used in English and colonial records.  For dates falling between the new “New Year” (January 1) and the old “New Year” (March 25), the year could be denoted as two years separated by a slash.  For example, “March 18, 1642/43”.   In the absence of double dating or other evidence, one may not know to which year a document is referring, according to modern reckoning."

I have not located any photos of American colonial gravestones displaying the split date; if anyone knows of such, please leave a comment. 

4 comments:

  1. I have often wondered why the New Year is not the first day of spring (or some such). For that matter, Christmas might be better celebrated on the first day of winter.

    If I were in charge, it would likely work as follows:

    All months would be of equal length--with the excess as a special holiday or so.

    January 1st to the last day of March would be WINTER
    April, May, and June? SPRING
    July, August, September? SUMMER
    October, November, December? FALL

    Not perfect, of course. But this starting nearly near the middle of the month seems muddled.

    For that matter, maybe all of our holidays ought to be one, say, the last Friday or Monday of this or that month. That way, we'd always get a longer weekend.

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  2. I just watched an extensive YouTube researcher video saying something completely different. The claim was Spring equinox was the go-to and I think the Romans wanted to attack someone but it couldn't happen by law until the first of the year, so they went with January (which didn't even have a naming convention at the time) Let me see if I can find it.

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  3. Found a short version of the info! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pTE6YfrcOU8

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  4. There's a reason Tolkien chose March 25 as the date for the destruction of the ring!

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