14 March 2026

Trail marker trees


The stately oak tree above was featured in our local paper.  Known as the "Half-Way Tree," this bur oak marks the midpoint between Lake Michigan and the Mississippi River along paths used by Native Americans in the pre-settlement era.

Anyone interested in trail marker trees - especially those modified by Native Americans - should visit the comprehensive website of the Great Lakes Trail Marker Tree Society (FAQs here).  Unfortunately that website has undergone linkrot sometime in the past decade.

Reposted from 2015 to add information that popped up on Facebook:

The mistake I've been carrying in my head for years was that the bent portion of a marker tree pointed which direction a trail went.  In retrospect it's apparent that such a direction should be unnecessary because if you're on the trail you know which direction it goes (unless its very old and overgrown).  On an active trail the bent portion of the tree would more logically point to local resources (water, shelter), as is obviously the case in this example.  

Kudos to the family that documented this example before it was lost forever.

"The obedience of a novice" - Pavel Ryzhenko


I found this painting posted at Uncertain Times this morning.  It took a bit of searching, but I tracked down the title - "Obedience of a novice" - and the artist - Pavel Ryzhenko, a modern (b. 1970) Russian artist and professor at the Russian Arts Academy, who "specializes in historical and religious paintings."

I'm most curious about the activity portrayed.  I see a bent tree (which under other circumstances could be a "marker tree" designating a  trail, but not in the middle of an orchard) against which lies an axe.  Some limbs have been trimmed off - to what purpose?  It's not an effort to remove the tree, which could be easily accomplished more directly.  Young trees get bent if they are leaned on by falling deadwood or heavily laden with winter ice; it must have happened some years ago to have the branches emerging from the horizontal segment in a vertical orientation.   I get the sense that this tree has been fashioned like this for some practical purpose.

The trees in the ?cherry orchard are painted white to waist level, and the novice appears to be in the process of doing so.  Is it the application of a pest repellant?  Or does it have a religious significance?

The items on the ground in the orchard are presumably related to the ?Russia Orthodox religion.  Perhaps they help explain what's going on.

It's a most interesting painting that tells a story - but I can't decipher what the story is.

Addendum:  A hat tip to Ariston, who identified the objects in the background as beehives.  Here's an example from the Troitsky Monastery.


Reposted from 2010 to accompany a new post about marker trees.  When I wrote this 16 years ago, I assumed that the bent tree couldn't be a marker tree because it is in an orchard.  That's not strictly true.  There could have been a trail or road to the left of this scene, and the tree could be bent to indicate the presence of a spring/creek or a cave/shelter to the right of the scene.  For an example of such, see the adjacent new post.

A language curiosity


In the etymology subreddit, someone made note of the fact that in various languages, the word for "night" is the same as the word for "eight" with the letter "n" added.  This is true.  He/she offered a theoretical and totally incorrect hypothesis.  

I won't give the correct explanation here.  I'll let readers ponder the curiosity before seeking the correct explanation, which is buried down in the comment thread in the reply by BeansandDoritos.

Who benefits from the current gulf war?

Putin and Russia for sure.  Oil companies that don't export via the gulf.  Weapons manufacturers. Government insiders who can make investment decisions on classified information.  Financial firms that can leverage the new volatility.  You can add to the list.  You won't find "regular people" on there.

So I'll offer this quote today from General Smedley Butler:
I spent 33 years and four months in active military service and during that period I spent most of my time as a high class muscle man for Big Business, for Wall Street and the bankers. In short, I was a racketeer, a gangster for capitalism. 

I helped make Mexico and especially Tampico safe for American oil interests in 1914. 

I helped make Haiti and Cuba a decent place for the National City Bank boys to collect revenues in. 

I helped in the raping of half a dozen Central American republics for the benefit of Wall Street.

 I helped purify Nicaragua for the International Banking House of Brown Brothers in 1902-1912.

 I brought light to the Dominican Republic for the American sugar interests in 1916. 

I helped make Honduras right for the American fruit companies in 1903. 

In China in 1927 I helped see to it that Standard Oil went on its way unmolested. 

Looking back on it, I might have given Al Capone a few hints. The best he could do was to operate his racket in three districts. I operated on three continents.”
I believe General Butler was the originator of the quote that "War is a racket."
Smedley Darlington Butler (July 30, 1881 – June 21, 1940) was an American major general in the United States Marine Corps. During his 34-year military career, he fought in the Philippine–American War, the Boxer Rebellion, the Mexican Revolution, World War I, and the Banana Wars. At the time of his death, Butler was the most decorated Marine in U.S. military history. By the end of his career, Butler had received sixteen medals, including five for heroism; he was awarded the Marine Corps Brevet Medal as well as two Medals of Honor, all for separate actions.

Argentinian public service announcement


The ending is not what you expect.  It's better...

Reposted from 2015 to counterbalance some of the dreadful news nowadays.

Why did sand fall out of this old book?

"Today I looked at a handwritten account book from 1717. It listed a series of expenses paid by the city of Leiden (the Dutch city where I live) to various suppliers - of books, papers, pens. Being a medieval book historian, any source made after 1500 is alien. Because I am used to handling parchment books, it was odd to handle a book that was made out of paper - and a lot of it, for that matter. Also new to me was the fact that related materials were held together by needles and to see dozens of rare actual receipts, small slips that were crossed out when paid. The biggest surprise, however, was the material that came falling out of the account book: sand..."
Some readers here will already know the explanation for the sand; others can find the answer at Erik Kwakkel.

Reposted from 2015 because I encountered it while searching for something else.  Sadly, the Erik Swakkel link is dormant now (but the link is still accessible).  The site is a treasure trove for those interested in medieval books.

"The war is not meant to be won. It is meant to be continuous."

"The war is not meant to be won.  It is meant to be continuous.  The essential act of modern warfare is the destruction of the produce of human labor... The war is waged by the ruling group against its own subjects, and its object is not victory over Eurasia or Eastasia, but to keep the very structure of society intact."
From the dialogue of the movie 1984Via for screencap photo.

Reposted from 2011 because it still has relevance.  And repossted again from 2022 because it is still relevant.

Examining and enjoying ditch water


I've done this numerous times in my life, starting in my pre-teen years and as recently as a couple years ago.  My usual focus has been on raising tadpoles to frogs, while the insect life was a secondary phenomenon.  I think I'll it this again this spring, but with more mud.  I'm pleased to see that so much success was achieved with a sealed jar; presumably the vegetation was enough to oxygenate the water.  That's nice, because these jars do become malodorous when left open indoors.

A subreddit for lovers of bread


This was posted last night on Breadit.  The subreddit appears to consist of tips and tricks and thoughts about all things bread.  

Kharg Island attacked.


For years I have had deep respect for Mohamed El-Erian's opinions on world economics.  For those interested in the implications of the current gulf war, his pronouncements are worth heeding.  I would also recommend monitoring Al Jazeera English via YouTube or listening in to Bloomberg this coming Sunday night to get an advance indication of how severely world crude oil prices are going to spike Monday.  The carry-on effect will be a major hit to U.S. equity markets.  And the world economy.

I've seen reports on Al Jazeera this morning that Iran has already countered the U.S. attack on Kharg Island with an attack at Fujairah, which is the terminus for a pipeline bypassing the Gulf of Hormuz.  That alone would be enough to spike oil prices as soon as the markets open.

13 March 2026

"Humanity hanging from a cross of iron"


The Chance for Peace speech was an address given by U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower on April 16, 1953, shortly after the death of Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin. Speaking only three months into his presidency, Eisenhower likened arms spending to stealing from the people, and evoked William Jennings Bryan in describing "humanity hanging from a cross of iron."...
Every gun that is made, every warship launched, every rocket fired signifies, in the final sense, a theft from those who hunger and are not fed, those who are cold and are not clothed.

This world in arms is not spending money alone. It is spending the sweat of its laborers, the genius of its scientists, the hopes of its children. The cost of one modern heavy bomber is this: a modern brick school in more than 30 cities. It is two electric power plants, each serving a town of 60,000 population. It is two fine, fully equipped hospitals. It is some fifty miles of concrete pavement. We pay for a single fighter with a half-million bushels of wheat. We pay for a single destroyer with new homes that could have housed more than 8,000 people. . . .
This is not a way of life at all, in any true sense. Under the cloud of threatening war, it is humanity hanging from a cross of iron.
The full text of the speech is at this link.

Reposted from 2011 because the common sense and practicality expressed by President Eisenhower is in total contrast to our current expenditures of a billion dollars a day on an unnecessary war.

12 March 2026

Average annual rainfall in the United States


I've been exploring Facebook for about a year now.  There is an abundance of utter crap, including overtly and intentionally misleading posts, but there are also tidbits of blogworthy information.  The embedded image is a screencap and is not clickable. 

Addendum:  A tip of the blogging cap to an anonymous reader who found the source for the mapped data at Raindrop:
"The data utilized in this map is derived from the PRISM available at prism.oregonstate.edu. The PRISM model is known for providing high spatial resolution climate data. This map covers the period from 1991 to 2020 in a 4x4km resolution. To adapt this detailed data for our map, we have processed it to calculate the average annual precipitation across each county. This involves aggregating the high-resolution data from PRISM to obtain an county-wide average."

11 March 2026

"Clinker brick" illustrated


The image above was submitted to the blackmagicfuckery subreddit by someone wondering why one brick in a sidewalk was not covered with the dusting of snow.  After dozens of inane replies ("Australian brick" "installed upside down, snow is on bottom") one knowledgeable Redditor provided the proper information:
This could be a brick called a 'clinker'

Clinkers are bricks that have different properties than normal bricks. They are used as decoration, paving and for water proofing buildings.

In the old days they fired bricks in a big kiln. All stacked on top of each other. They found that the bricks at the bottom experienced higher temperatures for longer. Turning them into a denser brick, closer to ceramic, that had a metallic "clink" sound when tapped with a hammer or another brick.

For a time these clinkers were not wanted because they have a high thermal conductivity, meaning they transport heat and cold into/out of your house better, that's bad. Then someone figured out they make great road pavers. Being harder than normal bricks they take longer to wear out.

Some people used them as building decorations because they are usually a darker colour than normal bricks. And some people realised that they are waterproof and started using them as the outside layer in double brick buildings. With increased demand they started to purposefully make clinkers for decoration, waterproofing and road paving.
Looks like magic, but it's just science.  You learn something every day.

10 March 2026

The Bernese bear will keep his red penis


I heard the story reported on the March 10 broadcast of As It Happens, and found confirmation and the image at SwissInfo:
The bear on the coat of arms of canton Bern will continue to display its red penis, the cantonal government has ruled... The cantonal government was responding to a written question from Liberal Green parliamentarian Thomas Brönnimann, who wondered whether it would not be more appropriate to depict the bear without its masculine attributes, so that the population as a whole would feel better represented... The bear has a tradition that goes back at least 600 years and has been represented in this way since the 15th century...

The bear has always been depicted on official documents with a red phallus. In view of this tradition, the cantonal government believed that it was reasonable to continue to depict the bear in this way. Nor did it wish to conduct an online survey on the bear’s future appearance. In its view, such a survey would not be representative and would have little informative value.

09 March 2026

"The Count of Monte Cristo" now on PBS


Last night I finished the 8-part series available on the PBS app, and I'm happy to recommend it with some minor reservations.  The storyline created by Dumas is of course enormously complex and detailed (the Modern Library version of the novel in our library runs to over 1,400 pages), and that complexity has always presented difficulties for screenwriters of the almost countless adaptations on film and television.  Even with the luxury of almost 8 hours of broadcast time, there are huge sections of the novel that have to be skipped over or severely compressed.  Edmond Dantès' social education by Jeremy Irons in the Château d'If is compressed to a matter of minutes.  The discovery of the treasure is depicted in a couple minutes, and then moments later he's a wealthy man riding a horse.

On the other hand, the resources available for the current production are extensive and lavish.  The estates and castles must have been a godsend for the cinematographers.  The quality of acting is excellent through out.  I'm so happy to see cinema with cast members unfamiliar to me; the world is full of superb actors - it's not necessary to ride the coattails of celebrities as Hollywood does.

I believe the series will drop on public PBS channels near the end of March.  For now it can be viewed on the PBS app.  I welcome comments from readers who have seen this.
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